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; three states of matter - kinetic model of matter.
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website ; http://www.slideshare.net/tag/kinetic-model-of-matter

informations ;
States of matter
A solid has a fixed shape and a fixed volume. It is hard and not compressible.
A liquid has a fixed volume but does not have a fixed shape. It can flow and it takes the shape of its container. A liquid has a definite surface, and is is not compressible.
A gas has no shape, no surface and no fixed volume. It can flow and spread easily. It also takes the shape and volume of its container, and highly compressible.
Kinetic Molecular Model of Matter
The kinetic theory of matter states that all matter is made up of a large number of tiny atom or molecules which in continuous motion.

Brownian motion
Brownian motion are random movement observed among microscopic particles suspended in a liquid or gas medium.

Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of the particles from higher concentration to a lower concentration, without any external aid.
The rate of diffusion of gases depends on the temperature and the density of the gases. (The higher the temperature, the faster the diffusion, but the greater the density of the molecules, the slower is the diffusion.)
Diffusion also takes place in liquids, although at a very much slower rate.
Therefore, both Brownian motion and diffusion provide evidence of molecular movement in liquids and gases.

Molecular Model Of the Three States of Matter

Solid
The molecules are arranged close together in a regular pattern
Molecules can only vibrate in their fixed positions.
:. Solids cannot be compressed because the molecules are arranged close together and there is little space between them. When a solid is heated, the molecules gain energy and vibrate more. The separation between molecules increases slightly and the solid expands.

Liquid
The molecules are not arranged in a regular pattern and are slightly farther apart than in solids.
Though there are still forces between the molecules, they are not held in fixed positions.
The attractive forces between the molecules make it difficult for the molecules to leave the liquid.
:. Liquid also cannot be compressed as the molecules are still close together and there is little space between them. When a liquid is heated, the molecules vibrate and move about more vigorously. Thus the liquid expands, but only very slightly.

Gas
The molecules are far apart.
The molecules move randomly with high speed, colliding with one another and with the walls of the container.
:. A gas consists mainly of empty space between molecules. That is why it can easily be compressed.
Effects of temperature
When the temperature increases,
the number of collision of the wall increases.
the force of collision on the wall increases.
Pressure exerted by a gas
When the temperature of the gas in the container increases,
the molecules move faster and hit the walls more frequently and more violently.
this causes the pressure to increase.
therefore gas pressure increases with gas temperature and vice versa.

THATS ALL ! (: